valeo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *walēō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti, from *h₂welh₁- (“to rule, be strong”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu̯a.le.oː/, [ˈu̯äɫ̪eoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈva.le.o/, [ˈväːleo]

Verb

valeō (present infinitive valēre, perfect active valuī, supine valitum); second conjugation, no passive

1. to be strong, to have strength, to have influence, to have power, to be powerful, to avail

   Antonyms: langueō, languēscō, ēlanguēscō, senēscō

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.30:

     valuitque apud Veientes [...] pacta cum Romulo indutiarum fides

     The truce of peace agreed upon with Romulus had influence among the Veientes.

2. to be well, healthy, sound

   Antonyms: iaceō, aegrōtō, cubō

3. to be worth, to be of worth, to be worthy
4. to be effectual, be efficacious, be of effect, be good for

   Synonyms: prōficiō, prōsum

   Antonym: officiō

   • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 116.5–6:

     […] hunc videō mihi nunc frūstrā sūmptum esse labōrem,
         Gellī, nec nostrās hīc valuisse precēs.

     • 1894 translation by Leonard C. Smithers

       I see now that this effort was undertaken by me in vain, Gellius, and that our prayers to this end were of no avail.

5. to be in force, in effect (said of laws)
6. to mean, signify (used of words or statements that have a certain force or power in meaning)
7. (Ecclesiastical Latin, Medieval Latin) to be able; to prevail

   Synonyms: polleo, possum, queō, praevaleō, vigeō

   Antonym: nequeō

8. (New Latin, rare) to leave; to go away

Usage notes

The supine can be either valitūrum or valitum. Passive use is rarely attested.

Conjugation

Conjugation of valeō (second conjugation, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	valeō	valēs	valet	valēmus	valētis	valent
	imperfect	valēbam	valēbās	valēbat	valēbāmus	valēbātis	valēbant
	future	valēbō	valēbis	valēbit	valēbimus	valēbitis	valēbunt
	perfect	valuī	valuistī	valuit	valuimus	valuistis	valuērunt, valuēre
	pluperfect	valueram	valuerās	valuerat	valuerāmus	valuerātis	valuerant
	future perfect	valuerō	valueris	valuerit	valuerimus	valueritis	valuerint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	valeam	valeās	valeat	valeāmus	valeātis	valeant
	imperfect	valērem	valērēs	valēret	valērēmus	valērētis	valērent
	perfect	valuerim	valuerīs	valuerit	valuerīmus	valuerītis	valuerint
	pluperfect	valuissem	valuissēs	valuisset	valuissēmus	valuissētis	valuissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	valē	—	—	valēte	—
	future	—	valētō	valētō	—	valētōte	valentō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		valēre	valuisse	valitūrum esse	—	—	—
participles		valēns	—	valitūrus	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		valendī	valendō	valendum	valendō	valitum	valitū

Derived terms

• aequivaleō
• pervaleō
• praevaleō
• supervaleō
• valē
• valedīcō
• valēns
• pervaleō
• valenter
• valentia
• valentulus
• valēscō
• valētūdō
• validus
• valor
• Valentina
• Valentinus

Related terms

• polleō

Descendants

• Asturian: valir
• Catalan: valer, valdre
• Dalmatian: valar
• English: vale, vail, value
• Franco-Provençal: valêr
• French: valoir
• Friulian: valê
• → Galician: valer (semi-learned)
• Interlingua: valer
• Italian: valere
• Occitan: vàler, vàldre
• Portuguese: valer
• Romansch: valair, valer, valeir
• Sardinian: balere, baliri, valere
• Sicilian: vàliri
• Spanish: valer
• Venetian: valer
• Walloon: valeur

References

• “valeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “valeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• valeo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be indisposed: leviter aegrotare, minus valere
    
  • to contribute much towards...; to affect considerably; to be instrumental in..: multum valere ad aliquid
    
  • to be highly favoured by; to be influential with..: multum valere gratia apud aliquem
    
  • to possess great authority; to be an influential person: auctoritate valere or florere
    
  • to have great influence with a person; to have considerable weight: multum auctoritate valere, posse apud aliquem
    
  • to have great influence with a person; to have considerable weight: alicuius auctoritas multum valet apud aliquem
    
  • to be talented, gifted: ingenio valere
    
  • to possess great ability: intellegentia or mente multum valere
    
  • to have a good memory: memoriā (multum) valere (opp. memoriā vacillare)
    
  • to be gifted, talented: ingenio valere
    
  • to be very eloquent: eloquentia valere
    
  • to have great weight as a speaker: multum dicendo valere, posse
    
  • to unable to find a suitable expression: verbo parum valere (Tusc. 3. 5. 11)
    
  • to have the same meaning: idem valere, significare, declarare
    
  • the word has a narrow meaning: vocabulum angustius valet
    
  • I bid you good-bye, take my leave: te valere iubeo
    
  • (ambiguous) good-bye; farewell: vale or cura ut valeas
    
  • to have great influence: opibus, gratia, auctoritate valere, florere
    
  • to have a powerful navy: rebus maritimis multum valere
    
  • (ambiguous) good-bye; farewell: vale or cura ut valeas